{"id":949,"date":"2020-11-05T10:34:35","date_gmt":"2020-11-05T10:34:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/?p=949"},"modified":"2020-11-05T10:34:35","modified_gmt":"2020-11-05T10:34:35","slug":"orjentacija-i-mobilitet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/?p=949","title":{"rendered":"Orjentacija i mobilitet"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Termin: &#8220;Peripatologija&#8221; poti\u010de od gr\u010dkih rije\u010di (peri) \u0161to zna\u010di &#8211; svuda unaokolo, (patine) \u0161to zna\u010di &#8211; i\u0107i, (logos) \u0161to zna\u010di &#8211; teorija, nauka. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e se nailazi na slede\u0107u definiciju: <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">&#8220;Peripatologija&#8221; je nauka o vje\u0161tini razvoja preostalih \u010dula osoba o\u0161te\u0107enog vida, kako bi oni postigli optimum orijentacije i bezbjednosti i efikasnost samostalnog kretanja. Ova nau\u010dna oblast je dio u\u017ee specijalnosti Tiflolo\u0161ke str<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">uke.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Pod orijentisanjem osoba o\u0161te\u0107enog vida <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">u pro<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">storu podrazumijeva se umje\u0107e<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">, odnosno vje\u0161tina snala\u017eenja u velikom prostoru, me\u0111u predmet<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">ima, na ulicama, me\u0111u zgradama, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">u naselju i u malom prostoru, na prim<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">j<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">er, u krugu radnog mjesta.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Orijentisanje u prostoru je umje\u0161nost da se pravilno odrede: pravac, brzina, rastojanje, svoj polo\u017eaj u prostoru i odnos <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">prema okolnim predmetima, to je umje\u0107e<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\"> da se pravilno otkriju prepreke i da se vje\u0161to zaobi\u0111u.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Orijentacija je proces kori\u0161\u0107<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">enja vi\u0161e \u010dula pri utvr\u0111ivanju polo\u017eaja i me\u0111usobnih odnosa predmeta koji nas okru\u017euju. Tako s<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">hva\u0107ena orijentacija u najve\u0107oj <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">mjeri zavisi od funkcije \u010dula, percepcije, kao i intelekta. U pitanju je proces primanja, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">nekad <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">memorisanja i transformacije odgovaraju\u0107ih informacija.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">U novije vrijeme, uz rije\u010d &#8220;orijentacija&#8221; koristi se i termin &#8220;mobilitet&#8221;. Ovaj termin anglosaksonskog por<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">i<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">jekla, defi<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">ni\u0161e se kao sposobnost sigurnog <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">kretanja od jednog do drugog mjesta u sredini koja nas okru\u017euje.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Pojmovi &#8220;orijentacija&#8221; i &#8220;mobilnost&#8221; su me\u0111usobno t<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">i<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">jesno povezani. Oni se me\u0111usobno uslovlja<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">vaju. Pojam &#8220;orijentacija&#8221; ozna\u010d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">ava upoznavanje i ocjenjivanje, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">a poj<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">am &#8220;mobilitet&#8221; ozna\u010d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">ava savla\u0111ivanje prostora. Koji je od ova dva pojma primaran, te\u0161ko je odrediti. U praksi se ova dva poj<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">ma naj\u010de\u0161ce koriste zajedno, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">kao orijentacija i mobilitet, odnosno kretanje. Sp<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">osobnosti osoba potpunog i djelimi\u010dno o\u0161te\u0107enog vida <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">za orijentaciju i samostalno kretanje izgra\u0111uju se tokom \u017eivota, po\u010dev od ranog djeti<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">njstva, uz kori\u0161\u0107<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">enje odre\u0111enih metoda i tehnika edukacije. Ovom pitanju u poslednje vrijeme posve\u0107uje se sve ve\u0107a pa\u017enja sa ciljem iznala\u017eenja optimalnih<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">, pa i<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">k<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">ompenzatornih sredstava, kojima <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">treba da se pove\u0107a samostalnost u orijentaciji i kretanju. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Svaki \u010dov<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">jek, pa i <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">osoba<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\"> sa potpunim ili djelimi\u010dnim o\u0161te\u0107enjem vida<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">, duboko u s<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">ebi nosi potrebu za samostalno\u0161\u0107<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">u. Ta se potreba mo\u017ee nekada sa<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">mo prividno potisnuti<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">, a nekad je i neuslovna. Takva je situacija u Crnoj Gori. Osobe o\u0161te\u0107enog vida, bilo potpuno ili djelimi\u010dno, u Crnoj Gori se ne mogu obratiti peripatologu, jer ga nema<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\"> Obzirom da nema kadra, nema ni obuka, recimo za kretanje uz pomo\u0107 bijelog \u0161tapa, snala\u017eenje u za<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">tvorenom prostoru.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\"> Ovakve <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">obuke uglavnom vr\u0161e tiflolozi. Osobe o\u0161te\u0107enog vida koje koriste bijeli \u0161tap u\u010dile su same, uz pomo\u0107 prijatelja, drugova, drugih osoba o\u0161te\u0107enog vida koje koriste bijeli \u0161tap. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Svakodnevni \u017eivot i potrebe kao \u0161to su odlazak u \u0161kolu, na radno mjesto, u kupovinu, u zdravstvenu ustanovu itd, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">iziskuju samostalnost, samostalno kretanje osobe o\u0161te\u0107enog vida. Me\u0111utim, to nije lako posti\u0107i obzirom na niz prepreka i b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">arijera na koje se nailazi, u dru\u0161tvu, okolini koja je organizovana po mjeri \u201estandarnih\u201c. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Bilo da se osoba o\u0161te\u0107enog vida kre\u0107e uz pomo\u0107 vide\u0107eg vodi\u010da, bijelog \u0161tapa, psa vodi\u010da, drugih pomagala, eholokacije u Crnoj Gori nema polaznu osnovu, mogu\u0107nost sticanja vje\u0161tine od strane stru\u010dne osobe, kao i mogu\u0107nost sticanja adekvatnih pomagala<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">, psa vodi\u010da. <\/span><\/span><a name=\"_GoBack\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\"><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s4\">\n<p class=\"s6\"><span class=\"s5\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Pripremila<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s5\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">: <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s5\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">An\u0111ela<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"s5\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Dragovi\u0107<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s6\"><span class=\"s5\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Podgorica<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s5\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">, 5.11<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s5\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">.2020.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Termin: &#8220;Peripatologija&#8221; poti\u010de od gr\u010dkih rije\u010di (peri) \u0161to zna\u010di &#8211; svuda unaokolo, (patine) \u0161to zna\u010di &#8211; i\u0107i, (logos) \u0161to zna\u010di &#8211; teorija, nauka. Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e se&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/?p=949\">Op\u0161irnije<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Orjentacija i mobilitet<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[39,338,124],"class_list":["post-949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuelnosti","tag-bijeli-stap","tag-orjentacija-i-mobilitet","tag-osobe-ostecenog-vida","ratio-2-1","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/949","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=949"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/949\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":950,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/949\/revisions\/950"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=949"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=949"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}