{"id":1958,"date":"2021-03-01T11:36:41","date_gmt":"2021-03-01T11:36:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/?p=1958"},"modified":"2021-03-01T11:36:41","modified_gmt":"2021-03-01T11:36:41","slug":"preporuke-za-poboljsanje-izbornih-prava-procedura-i-procesa-glasanja-za-osobe-sa-invaliditetom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/?p=1958","title":{"rendered":"PREPORUKE ZA POBOLJ\u0160ANJE IZBORNIH PRAVA, PROCEDURA I PROCESA GLASANJA ZA OSOBE SA INVALIDITETOM"},"content":{"rendered":"

S<\/span><\/span>avez slijepih Crne Gore – S<\/span><\/span>SCG<\/span><\/span> je u prethodnoj godini sproveo niz aktivnosti kako u okviru projekta <\/span><\/span>\u201eBiraj pristupa\u010dnost\u201c, kojeg <\/span><\/span>je <\/span><\/span>f<\/span><\/span>inansijski podr\u017eao<\/span><\/span> EBU \u2013 Evropski savez slijepih, tako <\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span> izvan projekta u saradnji sa UMHCG, DIK, OEBS<\/span><\/span> sa ciljem pobolj\u0161anja izbornih prava, <\/span><\/span>pristupa\u010dnosti bira\u010dkih mjesta i samog procesa glasanja za bira\u010de <\/span><\/span>s invaliditetom.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Aktivnostima se iniciralo, ukazalo <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> mogu\u0107a <\/span><\/span>unaprije\u0111enja\u00a0<\/span><\/span>iz<\/span><\/span>b<\/span><\/span>o<\/span><\/span>rnog procesa za osobe o\u0161te\u0107enog vida,<\/span><\/span> bolju primjenu <\/span><\/span>\u0161ablona za sa<\/span><\/span>mostalno glasanje<\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>osoba s invaliditetom, <\/span><\/span>a sve u cilju obezbje\u0111ivanja pune ravnopravnosti i <\/span><\/span>apsolutne <\/span><\/span>tajnosti prilikom samog procesa glasanja na izborima.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160to se ti\u010d<\/span><\/span>e aktivnog bira\u010dkog prava osoba<\/span><\/span> o\u0161te\u0107enog vida<\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>najprije treba<\/span><\/span> obezbijediti<\/span><\/span> uslov<\/span><\/span>e za <\/span><\/span>samosta<\/span><\/span>lno i tajno glasanje ove populacije<\/span><\/span>. Propisivanje i primjena \u0161ablona za samostalno glasanje osoba o\u0161te\u0107enog vida je ne\u0161to \u0161to je veom<\/span><\/span>a pohvalno, napredno<\/span><\/span> i u skl<\/span><\/span>adu<\/span><\/span> sa<\/span><\/span> pravnim standa<\/span><\/span>rdima i praksom razvijenih zem<\/span><\/span>alja. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Me\u0111utim, <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> prethodno odr\u017eanim izborima, uklju\u010duju\u0107i i poslednje <\/span><\/span>parlamentarne izbore odr\u017eane 30.8.2020. <\/span><\/span>u<\/span><\/span> na\u0161oj zemlji,<\/span><\/span> primjena pomenutog \u0161ablona<\/span><\/span> pokazala <\/span><\/span>je da on im<\/span><\/span>a odre\u0111ene ozbiljne nedostatke, te da ga treba <\/span><\/span>korigovati i <\/span><\/span>unaprijediti. <\/span><\/span>Najprije, treba<\/span><\/span>lo je<\/span><\/span> voditi ra\u010duna o vi\u0161<\/span><\/span>e tehni\u010dki<\/span><\/span>h detalja i elemenata. Jedini element koji je ispo\u0161tovan je boja \u0161ablona- <\/span><\/span>tamno plava<\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>kako <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> \u0161ablonu\/<\/span><\/span>fascikli ne bi ostao trag olovke kojom se zaokru\u017eu<\/span><\/span>je partija, lista ili pojedinac, me\u0111utim ostali <\/span><\/span>elementi neodvojivi od navedenog su izostali: <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2212 <\/span>d<\/span><\/span>a na prorezima <\/span><\/span>oko brojeva <\/span><\/span>postoje metalni prstenovi<\/span><\/span>, kako ne bi ostajao trag <\/span><\/span>o<\/span><\/span>lovke na obodu kru\u017enog proreza<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2212 <\/span>da p<\/span><\/span>ored metalnog prstena (sa desne strane) stoji redni broj na brajevom pismu i<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2212 <\/span>d<\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span> n<\/span><\/span>a svakom <\/span><\/span>bira\u010dkom <\/span><\/span>mjestu postoje barem<\/span><\/span> po dva \u0161ablona <\/span><\/span>za glasanje (u <\/span><\/span>slu\u010daju <\/span><\/span>potrebe za glasanje<\/span><\/span>m putem pisma, odnosno ko<\/span><\/span>d<\/span><\/span> ku\u0107e<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

Dalje, predla\u017eemo<\/span><\/span> da \u010dlanovi bira\u010dkih odbora ponude<\/span><\/span>, onda kada je to o\u010digledno, <\/span><\/span>\u0161ablon za samostalno glasanje bira\u010du o\u0161te\u0107enog vida.<\/span><\/span> Tako\u0111e, \u010dlanovi b<\/span><\/span>ira\u010dkih odbora ne bi trebali vr\u0161iti procjenu<\/span><\/span> i<\/span><\/span> provjeravati<\/span><\/span> da li je neko osoba o\u0161te\u0107enog vida <\/span><\/span>ili<\/span><\/span> ne, nego da svakoj osobi koja zatra\u017ei \u0161ablon, isti <\/span><\/span>jednostavno ustupe<\/span><\/span>, uz pravilno stavljanje glasa\u010dkog listi\u0107a u \u0161ablon, kako bi osoba mogla nesmetano glasati.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Zatim<\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>na svakom bira\u010dkom mjestu trebale bi se na\u0107i po dvije bro\u0161ure od\u0161tampane Brajevim pismom,<\/span><\/span> na kojima bi bio prenesen kompletan sadr\u017eaj teksta sa glasa\u010dkog listi\u0107a, <\/span><\/span>redni broj i <\/span><\/span>naziv<\/span><\/span> liste, pojedinc<\/span><\/span>a i sl,<\/span><\/span> tako da osoba o\u0161te\u0107enog vida mo\u017ee na bira\u010dkom mjestu da se upozna sa sadr\u017eajem glasa\u010dkog listi\u0107a, a pored prstena na \u0161ablonu \u0107e joj se na\u0107i redni brojevi <\/span><\/span>sa <\/span><\/span>glasa\u010dkog <\/span><\/span>listi\u0107a. Na ovaj na\u010din bi se dodatno izjedna\u010dili bira\u010di o<\/span><\/span>\u0161te\u0107enog vida s<\/span><\/span> ostalim<\/span><\/span> bira\u010dim<\/span><\/span>a.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sljede\u0107a na\u0161a preporuka za unaprije\u0111enje samog procesa glasanja, jeste da <\/span><\/span>prilikom izlaska <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> birali\u0161te, bira<\/span><\/span>\u010dki odbori trebaju dozvoliti i <\/span><\/span>omogu\u0107iti osobama o\u0161te\u0107enog vida<\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>ali i drugim osobama s invaliditetom kojima je stavljanje potpisa ote\u017eano,<\/span><\/span> da se potpi\u0161u faksimilom<\/span><\/span> i da se <\/span><\/span>u<\/span><\/span> budu\u0107e <\/span><\/span>ne doga\u0111a sit<\/span><\/span>uacija da se zahtijeva<\/span><\/span> stavljanje otiska<\/span><\/span> prsta. Otisak prsta je sinonim <\/span><\/span>i zakonom propisan mehanizam potpisivanja za nepismene osobe, <\/span><\/span>ne\u0161to \u0161to vrije\u0111a <\/span><\/span>uro\u0111eno dostojanstvo osoba o\u0161t<\/span><\/span>e\u0107enog vida i drugih osoba s invaliditetom,<\/span><\/span> naro\u010dito onih<\/span><\/span> koje su uspje\u0161no zavr\u0161ile svoje \u0161kolovanje i obrazovanje i stekle visoko\u0161kolske diplome.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Naime, <\/span><\/span>Zakon o ovjeri potpisa, rukopisa i prepisa<\/span><\/span>, odnosno zakonodavstvo iz oblasti pristupa pravdi: krivi\u010dno i gra\u0111ansko zakonodavstvo, ali i ono u oblasti ostvarivanja prava na li\u010dna dokumenta ne predvi\u0111a faksimil, kao li\u010dni potpis, ve\u0107 osobe s invaliditetom, koje su u nemogu\u0107nosti ili s ograni\u010denim mogu\u0107nostima da se potpi\u0161u \u201cprimorava\u201d na ostavljanje otisk<\/span><\/span>a prsta, \u0161to je model <\/span><\/span>predvi\u0111en za nepismene osobe.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Posredstvom uvida u li\u010dnu kartu bira\u010da, lako je utvrditi njen\/njegov identitet<\/span><\/span> i faksimil prihvatiti kao validan potpis, iako<\/span><\/span> zakonom <\/span><\/span>jo\u0161 uvijek <\/span><\/span>nije regulisano pravo kori\u0161\u0107enja faksimila.<\/span><\/span> Ovdje isti\u010demo va\u017enu \u010dinjenicu, da je Savez slijepih Crne Gore u saradnji <\/span><\/span>sa<\/span><\/span> kolegama iz Udru\u017eenja mladih sa hendikepom 2019. <\/span><\/span>uputio<\/span><\/span> zvani\u010dnu <\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>nicijativu <\/span><\/span>za pravno regulisanje faksimila kao li\u010dnog potpisa<\/span><\/span> i da jo\u0161 uvijek nem<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>konkretnih <\/span><\/span>odgovora i <\/span><\/span>koraka po tom pitanju. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nadalje, s<\/span><\/span>matramo da postavljanje traka vodilja, koje su ina\u010de propisane va\u017ee\u0107om pravnom regulativom \u2013 <\/span><\/span>Pravilnikom o bli\u017eim uslovima i na\u010dinu prilago\u0111avanja objekata za pristup i kretanje lica smanjene pokretljivosti i lica <\/span><\/span>sa<\/span><\/span> invaliditetom<\/span><\/span>, ne bi bilo funkcionalno i u\u010dinkovito za sam proces glasanja, jer on veoma kratko traje i te trake vodilje, nakon okon\u010danja samog proces<\/span><\/span>a izbora, ne bi imale<\/span><\/span> svrhu. Stolovi za bira\u010dke odbore i kabine za glasanje, postavljaju se privremeno i <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> na\u010din kako je u tom trenutku najfunkcionalnije<\/span><\/span> za konkretno mjesto (prostor).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Stoga, <\/span><\/span>predla\u017eemo da se umjesto taktilnih traka vodilja, koje su propisane Pravilnikom, mo\u017ee koristiti alternativno, improvizovano, ekonomi\u010dnije rje\u0161enje, <\/span><\/span>etison trake, a koje <\/span><\/span>\u0107e\u00a0<\/span><\/span>biti privremenog karaktera<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span> Na\u0161 prijedlog je <\/span><\/span>da se <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> bira\u010dkim mjestima postave etison trake \u0161irine 40cm<\/span><\/span> (ni manje ni vi\u0161e)<\/span><\/span>, radi lak\u0161e orjentacije i samostalnog kretanja bira\u010da o\u0161te\u0107enog vida. Etison trak<\/span><\/span>a, koja zapravo predstavlja odre\u0111eni<\/span><\/span> vid taktilne trake vodilje, treba da vodi <\/span><\/span>od<\/span><\/span> ulaska na bira\u010dk<\/span><\/span>o mjesto do stola za kojim sjede<\/span><\/span> \u010dlanovi bira\u010dkog odbora, potom do glasa\u010dke kabine i na kraju do glasa\u010dke kutije. Etison mora da bude tamno crvene boje (bordo) zbog kontrasta za osobe djelimi\u010dno o\u0161te\u0107enog vida. <\/span><\/span>Nagla\u0161avamo da o\u010dekujemo <\/span><\/span>postepeno prilago\u0111avanje. <\/span><\/span>Ovakav etison ne iziskuje <\/span><\/span>posebno rezanje, ve\u0107 je izrezan<\/span><\/span> i sam<\/span><\/span>o je potrebno <\/span><\/span>postaviti ga po podu <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> bira\u010dkom mjestu<\/span><\/span>. Nakon zavr\u0161etka <\/span><\/span>dana<\/span><\/span> izbora, etison se lako<\/span><\/span> uklanja i mo\u017ee da se koristi i<\/span><\/span> za u budu\u0107e.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Jo\u0161 jedna od preporuka je i da bira\u010dki odbor<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span> shodno Zakonu o izboru odbornika i poslanika, \u010d<\/span><\/span>lanu 85, <\/span><\/span>omogu\u0107e podno\u0161enje zah<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span>j<\/span><\/span>ev<\/span><\/span>a za glasanje putem pisma<\/span><\/span> do 13<\/span><\/span>.00<\/span><\/span> \u010dasova<\/span><\/span>, jer se na prethodnim izborima de\u0161avalo da to n<\/span><\/span>e omogu\u0107e do 13<\/span><\/span>.00<\/span><\/span>h, ve\u0107 do 12<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>00<\/span><\/span>h<\/span><\/span>, 12.<\/span><\/span>30h.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Zatim, va\u017eno je da <\/span><\/span>bira\u010dka mjesta <\/span><\/span>budu <\/span><\/span>pristupa\u010dna za osobe <\/span><\/span>s<\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span> fizi\u010dkim invaliditetom<\/span><\/span>, odnosno da imaju <\/span><\/span>adekvatan pristup, <\/span><\/span>rav<\/span><\/span>nu podlogu, <\/span><\/span>kosu rampu ili lift za osobe<\/span><\/span> koje se ote\u017eano kre\u0107u ili su korisnici invalidskih kolica.<\/span><\/span> Nije re<\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span>l<\/span><\/span>no o\u010dekivati da sva bira\u010dka mjesta budu pristupa\u010dna, <\/span><\/span>ali<\/span><\/span> je realno da minimum 15% bira\u010dkih mjesta na predstoje\u0107im izbor<\/span><\/span>ima bude pristupa\u010dno za osobe s<\/span><\/span> fizi\u010dkim invaliditetom. <\/span><\/span>Ovdje prvenstveno mislimo <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> izborne jedinice gdje je vi\u0161e bira\u010dkih mjesta u jednom prostoru i na sva ve\u0107a bira\u010dka mjesta gdje prepreku za pristup predstavlja par stepenica, ili samo jedna stepenica. U takvim situacijama mogu\u0107e je i za o\u010dekivati da bude postavljena improvizovana kosa rampa (<\/span><\/span>od<\/span><\/span> punog drveta ili metala) nagiba ne vi\u0161e od 8%. Pragovi <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> ulaznim vratima ne bi smjeli biti ve\u0107i od 5cm (jer je standard propisan Pravilnikom 2cm). Ulazna vrata u objekat odnosno bira\u010dko mjesto trebaju biti najmanje 85 cm \u0161irine (standard je 90 cm \u2013 110cm), a tamo gdje postoje dva krila vrata obavezno oba moraju biti otvorena. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tako\u0111e, neophodno je da barem <\/span><\/span>je<\/span><\/span>dna glasa\u010dka kabina<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span> na svakom<\/span><\/span> bira\u010dkom mjestu<\/span><\/span> ima postavljenu ni\u017eu policu <\/span><\/span>za glasanje <\/span><\/span>\u010dija je gornja plo\u010da izvedena na najvi\u0161e 85cm, u odnosu na standardnu visinu polica, kako bi osobe koje su korisnici invalidskih kolica ili one koje imaju ni\u017ei rast, mogle samostalno i tajno glasati. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tako\u0111e, iako nije propisana <\/span><\/span>va\u017eno je voditi ra\u010duna o <\/span><\/span>visini s<\/span><\/span>tola\/police <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> kojoj se postavlja gl<\/span><\/span>asa\u010dka kutija, <\/span><\/span>kako bi <\/span><\/span>OSI ni\u017eeg rasta i<\/span><\/span> one koje su korisnici invalidskih kolica<\/span><\/span>, nakon glasanja, <\/span><\/span>mogle <\/span><\/span>samostalno ubaciti listi\u0107 <\/span><\/span>u kutiju. Ovdje\u00a0<\/span><\/span>preporu\u010dujemo da se <\/span><\/span>glasa\u010dka kutija pos<\/span><\/span>tavi <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> visini od maksimum 90 <\/span><\/span>cm<\/span><\/span> (visina same kutije je oko 45cm, dakle ni visina stola, odnosno postolja na kojem se kutija stavlja ne bi trebala biti ve\u0107a od 45cm)<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span> kako bi i ovaj element pristupa\u010dnosti za <\/span><\/span>ve\u0107inu <\/span><\/span>OSI bio zadovoljen. <\/span><\/span>Glasa\u010dka kutija se mo\u017ee postaviti <\/span><\/span>na<\/span><\/span> ni\u017ei sto pored stola za kojim sjedi bira\u010dki odbor, ili postaviti na jednoj, eventualno dvije stolice pored stola za kojim sjedi bira\u010dki odbor. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Na posljetku, nadamo se<\/span><\/span> da <\/span><\/span>\u0107e<\/span><\/span> sve O<\/span><\/span>p\u0161tinske izborne komisije, kao i <\/span><\/span>Dr\u017eavna izborna komsija<\/span><\/span>\u00a0ozbiljno\u00a0razmotriti na\u0161e prijedl<\/span><\/span>oge, <\/span><\/span>preporuke, <\/span><\/span>preduzeti konkretne mjere<\/span><\/span> i<\/span><\/span> omogu\u0107iti osobama <\/span><\/span>s<\/span><\/span> invaliditetom <\/span><\/span>da na <\/span><\/span>predstoje\u0107im <\/span><\/span>lokalnim <\/span><\/span>izborima <\/span><\/span>u 2021, <\/span><\/span>samostalno i tajno glasaju<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Savez slijepih Crne Gore – SSCG je u prethodnoj godini sproveo niz aktivnosti kako u okviru projekta \u201eBiraj pristupa\u010dnost\u201c, kojeg je finansijski podr\u017eao EBU \u2013…<\/p>\n

Op\u0161irnijePREPORUKE ZA POBOLJ\u0160ANJE IZBORNIH PRAVA, PROCEDURA I PROCESA GLASANJA ZA OSOBE SA INVALIDITETOM<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1959,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[175,28,124,83,32,125],"class_list":["post-1958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuelnosti","tag-izbori","tag-osi","tag-osobe-ostecenog-vida","tag-preporuke","tag-sscg","tag-umhcg","ratio-2-1","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1958"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1960,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1958\/revisions\/1960"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1959"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ss-cg.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}